Multiparametric right ventricular assessment improves risk stratification in patients with new‐onset acute heart failure

Abstract

Abstract Aims Risk stratification of patients with new‐onset acute heart failure (AHF) is important but remains challenging. In the present study, we evaluated the prognostic value of a new multiparameter right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) score. Methods and results Patients (n = 210) hospitalized due to new‐onset AHF between 2015 and 2018 were retrospectively included. Mean age was 56 ± 10 years, 24% were female and median left ventricular ejection fraction was 28% (interquartile range 20; 34%). The RVD score, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and fractional area change (FAC) were determined at index hospitalization and after therapy titration. The 4‐point RVD score included reduced TAPSE, right ventricular enlargement, moderate or severe tricuspid regurgitation and increased central venous pressure. The study endpoint was a composite of all‐cause mortality, left ventricular assist device implantation, and heart transplantation. After 60 months median follow‐up time, 53 (25%) patients met the endpoint. At index hospitalization, there were no significant differences in any echocardiographic parameter between patients with and without the endpoint. After therapy titration, there were differences in TAPSE (16 vs. 19 mm, P = 0.001), FAC (33 vs. 40%, P < 0.001) and the proportion of patients with RVD score ≥2 (36 vs. 4%, P < 0.001). The presence of RVD despite therapy titration had different impact on survival depending on the parameter considered: the proportion of patients free from events after 1 year was 87% in patients with TAPSE <17 mm, 89% in patients with FAC <35% and 65% in patients with RVD score ≥2. In a multivariable analysis, RVD score ≥2 after therapy titration, but not TAPSE <17 mm or FAC < 35%, remained associated with a higher risk of the composite endpoint (hazard ratio 3.11, 95% confidence interval 1.44–6.74). Conclusions A novel multiparametric RVD score might improve prognostic stratification in patients with new‐onset AHF. RVD after therapy titration, but not at index hospitalization is associated with a higher risk of the composite endpoint.

Keywords

• Echocardiography
• Heart failure
• Prognosis
• Right ventricular function