The Effect of Topical Gentamicin and Mupirocin on Peritonitis and Exit Site Infection in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Abstract

• Background: Peritonitis is the most important complication of peritoneal dialysis. The most common cause of peritonitis is catheter exit site infection. Several studies have shown the prophylactic effect of topical mupirocin. According to the report of drug resistance in several studies to muprocin and exit site infection with gram-negative organisms, this study compared the prophylacyic effect of gentamicin with muprocin. • Methods: This double blind clinical trial was done on 121 peritoneal dialysis patients. We have investigated the frequency of peritonitis and exit site infection in 2 groups receiving gentamicin and mupirocin ointment for 6 months. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using Student-t, chi-square and logistic regression tests. • Finding: After six months, 8 cases of peritonitis were reported in gentamicin group compared to no cases in mupirocin group (P = 0.03). The exit site infection in the fourth and fifth months in the gentamicin group compared to mupirocin group was respectively 4.2 and 3.3 times (P = 0.0001). • Conclusion: According to the results of this study, gentamicin ointment have not shown a prophylactic effect on the incidence of exit site infection and peritonitis compared with mupirocin ointment and it is not recommended as a substitute.

Keywords

• Peritoneal dialysis
• Peritonitis
• Exit site infection
• Gentamicin ointment
• Mupirocin ointment