The effect of total flight hours and other factors on diastolic blood pressure among fixed-wing civilian pilots in Indonesia

Abstract

AbstrakLatar belakang: Jam terbang total dapat mempengaruhi sistem kardiovaskular antara lain terhadap tekanandarah diastolik (TDD) pada pilot. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengidentifikasi pengaruh jam terbang totaldan faktor lainnya terhadap risiko TDD tinggi pada pilot sipil pesawat sayap tetap di Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode potong lintang dengan sampel purposif pada pilot sipil diBalai Kesehatan Penerbangan di Jakarta tanggal 1-13 Mei 2013. Karakteristik demografi, pekerjaan,kebiasaan diperoleh melalui wawancara. Data laboratorium diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium.Spigmomanometer digunakan untuk mengukur TDD. Kategori TDD dibagi dua yaitu tinggi (≥ 80 mmHg) dannormal (< 80 mmHg). Analisis menggunakan risiko relatif yaitu regresi Cox dengan waktu konstan.Hasil: Di antara 512 pilot yang melakukan pemeriksaan medik, 236 subjek bersedia mengikuti penelitian.Subjek yang diikutsertakan dalam analisis sebanyak 225 orang, 61,4% memiliki TDD tinggi dan 38,6%memiliki TDD normal. Subjek dengan jam terbang total 4000-29831 dibandingkan dengan 4-3999 jamberisiko 34% lebih besar TDD tinggi [rasio relatif suaian (RRa) = 1,34; 95% interval kepercayaan (CI)= 1,03-1,73]. Subjek dengan denyut nadi istirahat 80-98 kali/menit dibandingkan dengan 60-79 kali/menitberisiko 29% lebih besar TDD tinggi (RRa = 1,29; 95% CI = 1,02-1,63). Selain itu subjek berusia 50-61tahun dibandingkan dengan 18-39 tahun berisiko 26% lebih besar TDD tinggi (RRa = 1,26; 95% CI = 1,00-1,59; P = 0,048).Kesimpulan: Jam terbang total dan denyut nadi istirahat yang tinggi serta usia yang lebih tua meningkatkan risiko tekanan darah diastolik. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2015;6:1-6)Kata kunci: tekanan darah diastolik, jam terbang total, pilot sipil, Indonesia.AbstractBackground: Total flight hour may affect the cardiovascular system including diastolic blood pressure(DBP) in pilot. This study aimed to identify whether total flight hours and other factors increase the risk ofhigh DBP of the fixed wing civilian pilots in Indonesia.Methods: A cross sectional study with purposive sampling was conducted in civilian pilots at AviationMedical Center in Jakarta in May 1-13, 2013. Demographic characteristics, employment, habit was obtainedthrough interviews. While laboratory data was obtained from laboratory tests. Sphygmomanometer wasused to measure DBP. Category of DBP was classified into high (≥80 mmHg) and normal (<80 mmHg).Analysis used risk relative by Cox regression with constant tim e.Results: Among the 512 pilots who conducted medical examinations, 236 subjects agreed to join the study.This analysis included 225 subjects which 61.4% had high DBP and 38.6% normal DBP. The subjects withtotal flight hours of 4000-29831 compared to 4-3999, had 34% increased risk to be high DBP [adjustedrelative risk (RRa) = 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.03-1.73]. The subjects with resting pulse rateof 80-98/minute compared to 60-79/minute, had 29% increased risk to be high DBP (RRa = 1.29; 95% CI= 1.02-1.63). Furthermore, subjects aged 50-61years compared to 18-39 years, had 26% increased risk tobe high DBP (RRa = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.00-1.59; P = 0.048).Conclusion: High total flight hours, resting pulse rate, and older age may increase the risk of high diastolic bloodpressure among the fixed wing civilian pilots in Indonesia. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2015;6:1-6)Keywords: diastolic blood pressure, total flight hours, civilian pilot, Indonesia