Acta Medica Leopoliensia (Feb 2018)
Dependence of perioperative glycemia on analgesia technique for hip joint arthroplasty
Abstract
Aim. The hip joint arthroplasty has high risk of perioperative hyperglycemia due to stress response and insulin resistance. The analgesia technics differ in terms of provided analgesia and anti-stress protection. The aim of our study was analyzing of blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-index dynamics during perioperative period in patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty according to the anaesthesia and analgesia techniques. Material and Methods. The study included 150 patients undergoing primary total hip joint replacement. We analyzed the dynamics of blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-index in relation to four variants of intraoperative anaesthesia and three variants of postoperative analgesia techniques, pathology type and patients' gender. Tests were taken before and during surgery, as well as at the 1st postoperative day. Results and Discussion. The preoperative glycemia level before surgery among all groups did not differ significantly (р>0,1). In the operating room, after the general anaesthesia administration but before the start of the surgery, the patients demonstrated significant increase in glycemia up to 6,3 mmol/L, and it was significantly higher compared to groups of patients with nerve blocks, paravertebral+caudal anaesthesia and spinal anaesthesia (р0,05). The difference in insulin levels between postoperative analgesia groups at any stage of the study was not statistically significant (p>0,1). In the intraoperative period, there was a decrease in the HOMA index in the group of spinal anesthesia, while in all other groups this rate was gradually increasing. The higher HOMA index was found in patients operated on under general anesthesia, who received systemic opioid anesthesia after surgery. The level of glycemia, insulin and HOMA did not significantly differ in any stage of the study between gender groups and groups by type of pathology: coxarthrosis or fractures (p>0,1). Conclusion. Regional analgesia provides a positive effect on the level of glycemia, insulin secretion and insulin resistance development in patients undergoing hip joint arthroplasty.
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