Retrospective Study of Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema in Southern Part of Bangladesh

Abstract

Background. Diabetic mellitus is a vision-threatening disease because it causes diabetic retinopathy worldwide. The main focus of this research is to determine the prevalence and assess the visual outcome in diabetic retinopathy and macular edema patients by injecting Bevacizumab clinically. Methods. This hospital-based trial case was conducted in Khulna BNSB Eye Hospital, Bangladesh. This study is based on a prospective cohort with a population of macular edema in 41 eyes of 25 diabetic patients, of whom 94 were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy in 320 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The treating physician inserts 1.25 mg (0.05 ml) into the patient’s eye. We have used optical coherence tomography (OCT) and colour fundus photography (CFP) for an eye check performed on all patients before and after the injection of Bevacizumab. The method results analyze the effects of the technique using IBM SPSS 25. Results. The study population selected 25 patients with 41 eyes for clinical investigation by injection of Bevacizumab. The net effects of this study on five eyes with macular edema were entirely resolved. It was BCVA from 6/6 to 6/9. The 29 eyes were partially resolved, which is called improved visual acuity, and BCVA was 6/12 to 6/60. In the case of seven eyes, we found that the vision did not change before or after the Avastin injection. No change was seen in seven eyes of macular edema due to the effects of the Avastin injection before and after. Conclusions. In clinical trial-based research, Bevacizumab (Avastin) is best effective for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) patients.