Reliability and validity of the Polish version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders

Abstract

Abstract Background The comprehensive counseling of patients with olfactory dysfunctions requires accurate diagnosis. The recommendations include subjective assessment. The Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) is a disease‐specific questionnaire for the subjective evaluation of olfactory dysfunctions. Material The study included 54 patients with olfactory dysfunctions, who were recruited to the study group (SG). The other 47 patients without the history of olfactory dysfunction and nasal cavity pathology were voluntarily allocated to the control group (CG). The protocol of the study was introduced to each patient and included: olfactory testing with Sniffin' Stick test, fulfillment of the Polish version of World Health Organization Quality of Life brief questionnaire and completing of the Polish version of the QOD. All participants (101) were invited for refilling the QOD questionnaire after 2 weeks for the test–retest statistics. Results The Polish QOD statements were significantly correlated and met the requirement by having test–retest correlation larger than 0.7. We found that internal consistency of the test measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was very high. The mean scores of the QOD test in normosmic SG patients were compared with corresponding scores in normosmic CG patients using U Mann–Whitney test. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences on mean QOD scores for each domains except QOD‐S between both groups. Conclusions The Polish version of the QOD demonstrated high rate of the validity and the reliability. This instrument may be widely used in research projects and clinical practice concerning olfactory disorders in Polish patients. Level of Evidence NA.

Keywords

• disease‐specific questionnaire
• olfactory dysfunctions
• quality of life
• subjective assessment