ACT-Toxin, the Key Effector for the Virulence of <i>Alternaria alternata</i> Tangerine Pathotype to Specific Citrus Species

Suya Huang; Zhaohui Jia; Hangfei Li; Shuting Zhang; Junying Shen; Yunpeng Gai; Chen Jiao; Xuepeng Sun; Shuo Duan; Min Wang; Haijie Ma

doi:10.3390/agronomy12123181

Agronomy (Dec 2022)

ACT-Toxin, the Key Effector for the Virulence of <i>Alternaria alternata</i> Tangerine Pathotype to Specific Citrus Species

Suya Huang,
Zhaohui Jia,
Hangfei Li,
Shuting Zhang,
Junying Shen,
Yunpeng Gai,
Chen Jiao,
Xuepeng Sun,
Shuo Duan,
Min Wang,
Haijie Ma

Affiliations

Suya Huang: Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Zhaohui Jia: Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Hangfei Li: Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Shuting Zhang: Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Junying Shen: Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Yunpeng Gai: School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Chen Jiao: Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Xuepeng Sun: Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Shuo Duan: China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory (A Joint Laboratory of the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and Gannan Normal University), National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
Min Wang: China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory (A Joint Laboratory of the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and Gannan Normal University), National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
Haijie Ma: Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12123181
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 12, no. 12
p. 3181

Abstract

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Alternaria brown spot disease is caused by the Alternaria alternata tangerine pathotype, which relies on ACT-toxin for infection. At present, all identified ACT-toxin biosynthesis-related genes are multi-copy genes. In this study, we summarized the advances in important host-specific toxins (HSTs), and listed key genes required for the pathogenicity of the A. alternata tangerine pathotype. Toxin virulence test results revealed that different citrus species displayed distinctly different tolerances to ACT-toxin. The extraction method of ACT-toxin crude extract was described in schematic form to make the method easier to understand. In addition, target gene disruption of two copies of ACTT5 (∆∆ACTT5) displayed significantly reduced virulence, indicating that ACTT5 is essential for the pathogenicity of the A. alternata tangerine pathotype.

Published in Agronomy

ISSN: 2073-4395 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Agriculture
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy

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