Журнал медико-биологических исследований (Dec 2024)
Biophysical Properties of Blood Cells in People Aged 36–59 Years Under Mechanical Stress in vitro
Abstract
The influence of the adenosine triphosphate molecule on cell signalling cascades under different physiological conditions, such as disrupted regeneration processes in the body, is of particular interest for scientists. The purpose of this research was to study the biophysical properties of formed elements in middle-aged people under mechanical stress in vitro. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted at the Biochemistry Department of the Medical Institute, Belgorod State National Research University. We studied blood samples from healthy people aged 36 to 59 years (n = 30) undergoing a routine medical examination at St. Joasaph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital. All samples were divided into experimental (n = 30) and control (n = 30); the former were subjected to mechanical action, the latter remained intact. Methods of atomic force microscopy were applied, namely, force spectroscopy and the Kelvin probe. Cell surface stiffness was determined by calculating Young’s modulus. Results. Under mechanical stress in vitro, the surface charge of erythrocytes, segmented granulocytes, and lymphocytes became more negative, while the surface potential of platelet plasmalemma became more positive. At the same time, surface stiffness of erythrocytes and lymphocytes increased, while that of neutrophils and platelets decreased. The results of this study expand the knowledge about changes in the biophysical properties of blood cells under mechanical stress. The data obtained may be useful for understanding the mechanisms of interaction between leukocytes and platelets, both being the main regulators of homeostatic processes in the bloodstream, and erythrocytes, involved in the regulation of the vascular tone of arterioles and, as a consequence, tissue perfusion, in middle-aged adults.
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