Physics Letters B (Sep 2021)
12C(e,e'pN) measurements of short range correlations in the tensor-to-scalar interaction transition region
- I. Korover,
- J.R. Pybus,
- A. Schmidt,
- F. Hauenstein,
- M. Duer,
- O. Hen,
- E. Piasetzky,
- L.B. Weinstein,
- D.W. Higinbotham,
- S. Adhikari,
- K. Adhikari,
- M.J. Amaryan,
- Giovanni Angelini,
- H. Atac,
- L. Barion,
- M. Battaglieri,
- A. Beck,
- I. Bedlinskiy,
- Fatiha Benmokhtar,
- A. Bianconi,
- A.S. Biselli,
- S. Boiarinov,
- W.J. Briscoe,
- W.K. Brooks,
- D. Bulumulla,
- V.D. Burkert,
- D.S. Carman,
- A. Celentano,
- P. Chatagnon,
- T. Chetry,
- L. Clark,
- B. Clary,
- P.L. Cole,
- M. Contalbrigo,
- V. Crede,
- R. Cruz-Torres,
- A. D'Angelo,
- R. De Vita,
- M. Defurne,
- A. Denniston,
- A. Deur,
- S. Diehl,
- C. Djalali,
- R. Dupre,
- H. Egiyan,
- M. Ehrhart,
- A. El Alaoui,
- L. El Fassi,
- L. Elouadrhiri,
- P. Eugenio,
- R. Fersch,
- A. Filippi,
- T. Forest,
- G. Gavalian,
- F.X. Girod,
- E. Golovatch,
- R.W. Gothe,
- K.A. Griffioen,
- M. Guidal,
- K. Hafidi,
- H. Hakobyan,
- N. Harrison,
- M. Hattawy,
- T.B. Hayward,
- D. Heddle,
- K. Hicks,
- M. Holtrop,
- Y. Ilieva,
- D.G. Ireland,
- E.L. Isupov,
- D. Jenkins,
- H.S. Jo,
- K. Joo,
- S. Joosten,
- D. Keller,
- M. Khachatryan,
- A. Khanal,
- M. Khandaker,
- A. Kim,
- C.W. Kim,
- F.J. Klein,
- V. Kubarovsky,
- L. Lanza,
- M. Leali,
- P. Lenisa,
- K. Livingston,
- V. Lucherini,
- I.J.D. MacGregor,
- D. Marchand,
- N. Markov,
- L. Marsicano,
- V. Mascagna,
- B. McKinnon,
- S. Mey-Tal Beck,
- T. Mineeva,
- M. Mirazita,
- A. Movsisyan,
- C. Munoz Camacho,
- B. Mustapha,
- P. Nadel-Turonski,
- K. Neupane,
- G. Niculescu,
- M. Osipenko,
- A.I. Ostrovidov,
- M. Paolone,
- L.L. Pappalardo,
- R. Paremuzyan,
- E. Pasyuk,
- W. Phelps,
- O. Pogorelko,
- J.W. Price,
- Y. Prok,
- D. Protopopescu,
- B.A. Raue,
- M. Ripani,
- J. Ritman,
- A. Rizzo,
- G. Rosner,
- J. Rowley,
- F. Sabatié,
- C. Salgado,
- R.A. Schumacher,
- E.P. Segarra,
- Y.G. Sharabian,
- U. Shrestha,
- D. Sokhan,
- O. Soto,
- N. Sparveris,
- S. Stepanyan,
- I.I. Strakovsky,
- S. Strauch,
- J.A. Tan,
- N. Tyler,
- M. Ungaro,
- L. Venturelli,
- H. Voskanyan,
- E. Voutier,
- T. Wang,
- D. Watts,
- X. Wei,
- M.H. Wood,
- N. Zachariou,
- J. Zhang,
- Z.W. Zhao,
- X. Zheng
Affiliations
- I. Korover
- Nuclear Research Center Negev, Be'er Sheva 84190, Israel
- J.R. Pybus
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- A. Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- F. Hauenstein
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- M. Duer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- O. Hen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Corresponding author.
- E. Piasetzky
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- L.B. Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- D.W. Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- S. Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- K. Adhikari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-5167, USA
- M.J. Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- Giovanni Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- H. Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- L. Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- M. Battaglieri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- A. Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- I. Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute - ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
- Fatiha Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
- A. Bianconi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- A.S. Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield CT 06824, USA; Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- S. Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- W.J. Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- W.K. Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V, Valparaíso, Chile; Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- D. Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- V.D. Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- D.S. Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- A. Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- P. Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- T. Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-5167, USA
- L. Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- B. Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- P.L. Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, PO Box 10009, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA; Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
- M. Contalbrigo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- V. Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- R. Cruz-Torres
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- A. D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- R. De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- M. Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- A. Denniston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- A. Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- S. Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- C. Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- R. Dupre
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- H. Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- M. Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- A. El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V, Valparaíso, Chile
- L. El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-5167, USA
- L. Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- P. Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- R. Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA
- A. Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
- T. Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
- G. Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824-3568, USA
- F.X. Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- E. Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- R.W. Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- K.A. Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA
- M. Guidal
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- K. Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- H. Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V, Valparaíso, Chile; Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
- N. Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- M. Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- T.B. Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA
- D. Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- K. Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- M. Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824-3568, USA
- Y. Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- D.G. Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- E.L. Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- D. Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0435, USA
- H.S. Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- K. Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- S. Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- D. Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA
- M. Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- A. Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- M. Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
- A. Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- C.W. Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- F.J. Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
- V. Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
- L. Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- M. Leali
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- P. Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- K. Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- V. Lucherini
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- I.J.D. MacGregor
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- D. Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- N. Markov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- L. Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- V. Mascagna
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy; INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- B. McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- S. Mey-Tal Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- T. Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V, Valparaíso, Chile
- M. Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- A. Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- C. Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- B. Mustapha
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- P. Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- K. Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- G. Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
- M. Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- A.I. Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- M. Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- L.L. Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- R. Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824-3568, USA
- E. Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- W. Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- O. Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute - ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
- J.W. Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, USA
- Y. Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA
- D. Protopopescu
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- B.A. Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- M. Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- J. Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich, Germany
- A. Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- G. Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- J. Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- F. Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- C. Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
- R.A. Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- E.P. Segarra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Y.G. Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- U. Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- D. Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- O. Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- N. Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- S. Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- I.I. Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- S. Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- J.A. Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- N. Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- M. Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
- L. Venturelli
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- H. Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
- E. Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- T. Wang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- D. Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- X. Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
- M.H. Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, NY, USA; University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- N. Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- J. Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA
- Z.W. Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0305, USA
- X. Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 820
p. 136523
Abstract
High-momentum configurations of nucleon pairs at short-distance are probed using measurements of the 12C(e,e′p) and 12C(e,e′pN) reactions (where N is either n or p), at high-Q2 and xB>1.1. The data span a missing-momentum range of 300–1000 MeV/c and are predominantly sensitive to the transition region of the strong nuclear interaction from a Tensor to Scalar interaction. The data are well reproduced by theoretical calculations using the Generalized Contact Formalism with both chiral and phenomenological nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction models. This agreement suggests that the measured high missing-momentum protons up to 1000 MeV/c predominantly belong to short-ranged correlated (SRC) pairs. The measured 12C(e,e′pN) / 12C(e,e′p) and 12C(e,e′pp) / 12C(e,e′pn) cross-section ratios are consistent with a decrease in the fraction of proton-neutron SRC pairs and increase in the fraction of proton-proton SRC pairs with increasing missing momentum. This confirms the transition from an isospin-dependent tensor NN interaction at ∼400 MeV/c to an isospin-independent scalar interaction at high-momentum around ∼800 MeV/c as predicted by theoretical calculation.
