Vascular Health and Risk Management (Jul 2024)
The Role of Electrocardiographic Exercise Testing for the Possibility of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in Patients with Sinus Bradycardia
Abstract
Linh Tran Pham,1 Si Dung Chu,1– 3 Duy Xuan Nguyen4 1Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam; 2Training and Director of Healthcare Activities Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam; 3Hospital of Vietnam National University, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 4Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Military Hospital 105, Hanoi, VietnamCorrespondence: Si Dung Chu, Hospital of Vietnam National University, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tel +84 906086168, Email [email protected]: Study on the role of electrocardiographic (ECG) exercise testing for the possibility of permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) in patients with sinus bradycardia (SB).Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive, prospective study. The study on 60 patients with SB below 50 beats/minute on 12-lead electrocardiogram at rest, with or without symptoms of SB, conducted at the Vietnam National Heart Institute and Hanoi Heart Hospital from January 2020 to September 2021.Results: Sixty patients with SB were studied, 36 male (60%) and 24 female patients (40%), p > 0.05. The average age was 55.12 ± 13.89 years old. Maximum exercise capacity (MEC) is low and only reaches 7.78 ± 3.59 metabolic equivalents (METs); Not reaching 85% of predicted MEC accounts for 53.5%; Maximum exercise time is 10.53 ± 0.46 minutes; Impaired heart rate (HR) variability in patients with SB is high: Chronotropic Index < 0.8 accounts for 53.5%, not reaching 85% of predicted HR max accounts for 45%. The average HR max was 129.90 ± 29.22 beats per minute (BPM). The average maximum workload systolic blood pressure was 155.23 ± 20.59 mmHg. The average value of maximum exercise diastolic blood pressure was 88.10 ± 9.11 mmHg. The HR decreased by 27.87 ± 16.82 BPM in the first minute. Not achieving 85% of predicted MEC (p = 0.062), so it is not an independent factor predicting the ability for PPI. Only the HR variability index < 0.8 is an independent predictor for PPI in bradycardic patients, which has OR = 21.521 (95% CI: 2.27– 04.34, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Results can be seen that Chronotropic Index < 0.8 is an important marker for physicians to decide on PPI in ECG during exercise testing in SB patients and is a potential prognostic factor for the need for PPI.Keywords: role, exercise ECG testing, PPI, possibility of PPI
