The Effects of Silver, Zinc Oxide, and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Used as Dentin Pretreatments on the Microshear Bond Strength of a Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement to Dentin

Abstract

Zahra Jowkar,1 Zahra Fattah,1 Saeedreza Ghanbarian,2 Fereshteh Shafiei1 1Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 2Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranCorrespondence: Fereshteh Shafiei Tel [phone]Fax [phone]Email [email protected]: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three nanoparticle solutions used as dentin pretreatments on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) to dentin.Materials and Methods: Ninety intact human molars were used after sectioning their occlusal surfaces to expose flat dentin surfaces. The specimens were randomly assigned to nine groups (n = 10). Group A was the control group (without using the cavity disinfectant). In groups B, C, D, and E, the prepared dentin surfaces were treated with 1 cc 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 0.1% silver nanoparticle (SNP), 0.1% titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TNP), and 0.1% zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZNP) solutions for 1 minute, respectively, before applying the conditioner. CHX, SNPs, TNPs, and ZNPs were applied for 1 minute after applying the conditioner in groups F, G, H, and I, respectively. The specimens were restored with a conventional GIC and underwent μSBS testing after 24 hours. The data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (p=0.05).Results: The applications of the nanoparticles (SNP, TNP, and ZNP) after the conditioner were associated with significantly greater μSBS values compared to that of the control group (p values < 0.05). Significantly higher μSBS values were observed when TNP or ZNP was applied after the conditioner compared to their applications before the conditioner (p values < 0.05). The highest μSBS values were observed when TNP was applied after the conditioner.Conclusion: Dentin pretreatment with the nanoparticles after applying the conditioner enhanced the bond strength of the GIC to dentin compared with the control group. The best results were obtained for the TNPs applied after the conditioner.Keywords: glass ionomer cement, microshear bond strength, nanoparticles

Keywords

• glass ionomer cement
• microshear bond strength
• nanoparticles