PLoS ONE (Jan 2016)

Cardio-Metabolic Disease Risks and Their Associations with Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Omega-3 Levels in South Asian and White Canadians.

  • Chao-Wu Xiao,
  • Carla M Wood,
  • Eleonora Swist,
  • Reiko Nagasaka,
  • Kurtis Sarafin,
  • Claude Gagnon,
  • Lois Fernandez,
  • Sylvie Faucher,
  • Hong-Xing Wu,
  • Laura Kenney,
  • Walisundera M N Ratnayake

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147648
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 1
p. e0147648

Abstract

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OBJECTIVES:This study compared cardio-metabolic disease risk factors and their associations with serum vitamin D and omega-3 status in South Asian (SAC) and White Canadians (WC) living in Canada's capital region. METHODS:Fasting blood samples were taken from 235 SAC and 279 WC aged 20 to 79 years in Ottawa, and 22 risk factors were measured. RESULTS:SAC men and women had significantly higher fasting glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), ratios of total (TC) to HDL cholesterol (HDLC) and ApoB to ApoA1, leptin, E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM-1 and omega-3 (p 4%-<8%) or high (≥ 8%) levels of omega-3 indices were related to lower E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM-1 and higher HDLC, 25(OH)D levels in WC, but not in SAC. The BMIs of ≤ 25 kg/m2 were related to lower LDLC, ApoB, VEGF, creatinine and higher 25(OH)D in WC, but not in SAC. CONCLUSIONS:The associations of vitamin D, omega-3 status, BMI and risk factors were more profound in the WC than SAC. Compared to WC, vitamin D status and omega-3 index may not be good predictive risk factors for the prevalence of CVD and diabetes in SAC.