Severity of Depressive Symptoms and Volume of Superior Temporal Gyrus in People Who Visit a Memory Clinic Unaccompanied

Abstract

Background/Aims: Depression and cognitive decline are reported to be interrelated. Depression of older adults with memory complaints who seek medical help have not been well documented. This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that a relatively high level of depressive symptoms associated with brain structure is characteristic of people who visited a memory clinic unaccompanied (UA). Method: We retrospectively compared Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D, for evaluation of depressive symptoms) scores of UA subjects (n = 21) with those of people who were accompanied (n = 75). Within each groups, we further examined the association between brain morphology and the CES-D scores using FreeSurfer software. Results: We found that the relatively high CES-D scores of UA subjects were inversely associated with the normalized volumes of bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG). Conclusion: Our results suggest that depressive symptoms of UA subjects demonstrated by the relatively high levels of CES-D scores were primary, because of the inverse association with the normalized volume of bilateral STG. Thus, focusing on the depressive symptoms may be a suitable approach to satisfy potential medical needs of UA subjects with or without memory impairment.

Keywords

• Depression
• Dementia
• Memory impairment
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Brain volume
• Memory clinic