Peculiarities of Treatment for Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome, Including Those with Epitheliopathy

Abstract

In 2017 by the results of TFOS DEWS, dry eye syndrome (DES) was recognized as a disease that requires treatment. The leading role in DES development is given to inflammation and defects of an eye surface, instability and hyperosmolarity of tear film and neurosensory disorders. While choosing the tear substitute for the therapy of DES the focus is on an involvement of various components of DES pathogenesis: disbalance of a tear film structure and its’ disfunction, inflammation and defects of eye tissues. Purposes of treatment are restoration of tear homeostasis, breaking of a “vicious circle” of DES and achievement of a prolonged effect of the therapy, including the subjective one. Taking into consideration that inflammation is associated with most of ophthalmological diseases causing DES, it is a clear choice to prescribe tear substitutes with anti-inflammatory, wetting and regenerative properties. Treatment with combined tear substitutes affecting different components of DES pathogenesis simplifies the instillation regimen and increasing compliance.

Keywords

• dry eye syndrome (des)
• tear substitutes
• combined tear substitutes
• inflammation