DAMPAK KETERBUKAAN PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL SEKTOR JASA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI: PENDEKATAN PANEL DINAMIS

Abstract

Trade liberalization led the economy around the world becomes increasingly open to both trade in goods and trade in services. This study aims to analyze the impact of openness trade in services on economic growth. The focus of this research is openness to trade in services in the travel sector (mode of supply 2) and other business services (mode of supply 4). This study uses a dynamic panel with observational data 104 countries 2005-2011 periode. The results of this study stated that the overall openness of international trade in services sector (trade openness in services) has significant effect on economic growth in all countries, both in high income countries, middle income, or low income. Specifically, trade openness in services sector as in travel sector has significant effect on economic growth in all countries as well as in middle and low income, however in high income countries has not significant effect. Trade openness in other business services sector has significant effect on economic growth in all countries, both in high income countries, middle income, or low income. The higher level of business transactions, tourism, and education will encourage economic growth. Furthermore, an increase in R & D activities and consultancy will improve the quality of the investment, thus have a positive impact on economic growth.

Keywords

• Economic Growth
• Openness to Trade in Services
• Mode of Supply 2
• Mode of Supply 4
• Dynamic Panel.