Optimal Planning for Introducing Hydrogen Systems in a Multi-node Smart Grid

Abstract

In this work, the optimal planning for introducing hydrogen technologies in a multi-node smart grid and the optimal operation for those hydrogen systems are discussed. In a multi-node grid with Renewable Energy Sources (RES), the energy production, storage and consumption might differ significantly from node to node, especially if the distances between the nodes are notably long. Consequently, this might lead to considerable energy surplus in some locations of the grid and energy deficit in others. In order to overcome these undesirable phenomena two tools are developed. The first tool explores the potential of introducing hydrogen production systems in each node of the grid separately by taking into account various parameters such as energy profiles and economic criteria. The second tool determines the optimal operation scheduling for the electrochemical devices (Fuel Cells) that process the produced H2. Indicative results of both tools are presented so as to demonstrate the benefits of introducing hydrogen technologies to the grid.