Cell Reports (Jul 2023)

Tumor-specific CD4 T cells instruct monocyte fate in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

  • Michael T. Patterson,
  • Adam L. Burrack,
  • Yingzheng Xu,
  • Grant H. Hickok,
  • Zoe C. Schmiechen,
  • Samuel Becker,
  • Eduardo Cruz-Hinojoza,
  • Patricia R. Schrank,
  • Ainsley E. Kennedy,
  • Maria M. Firulyova,
  • Ebony A. Miller,
  • Konstantin Zaitsev,
  • Jesse W. Williams,
  • Ingunn M. Stromnes

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 42, no. 7
p. 112732

Abstract

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Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) orchestrates a suppressive tumor microenvironment that fosters immunotherapy resistance. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the principal immune cell infiltrating PDA and are heterogeneous. Here, by employing macrophage fate-mapping approaches and single-cell RNA sequencing, we show that monocytes give rise to most macrophage subsets in PDA. Tumor-specific CD4, but not CD8, T cells promote monocyte differentiation into MHCIIhi anti-tumor macrophages. By conditional major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II deletion on monocyte-derived macrophages, we show that tumor antigen presentation is required for instructing monocyte differentiation into anti-tumor macrophages, promoting Th1 cells, abrogating Treg cells, and mitigating CD8 T cell exhaustion. Non-redundant IFNγ and CD40 promote MHCIIhi anti-tumor macrophages. Intratumoral monocytes adopt a pro-tumor fate indistinguishable from that of tissue-resident macrophages following loss of macrophage MHC class II or tumor-specific CD4 T cells. Thus, tumor antigen presentation by macrophages to CD4 T cells dictates TAM fate and is a major determinant of macrophage heterogeneity in cancer.

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