A study on the optimization and functionalization of zirconia-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes through hydrothermal process

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as revolutionary nanomaterials with exceptional properties. This study focuses on optimizing acid treatment conditions for functionalizing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and investigates the synthesis of zirconia coated MWCNTs. Acid treatment was conducted with HNO _3 and H _2 SO _4 their combinations with different molarity concentrations. Acid oxidation, particularly with nitric acid, enhances CNT solubility and reactivity. The research explores the incorporation of acid treated MWCNTs into ceramic composites, addressing challenges in dispersion and bonding. Additionally, a hydrothermal process is employed to coat MWCNTs with zirconia, contributing to the development of nanocomposites with unique properties. Characterization studies, including SEM, TEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, provide insights into structural and chemical aspects. The findings contribute to advancing the application of CNT-based nanocomposites in various technological fields. The study’s methodology, involving acid treatment optimization and hydrothermal synthesis, provides a robust foundation for further advancements in the field of nanomaterials and composites. This novel approach results in ZrO _2 -coated MWCNTs, showcasing potential applications in catalysts, oxygen sensors, fuel cells, electronic devices and also as a reinforcing material.

Keywords

• acid treatment
• ceramic nano-composite
• ZrO2-MWCNT
• hydrothermal treatment
• material characterization