Analysis of impacts of geographical environmental factors on "long landing distance" over-limit event of civil aviation

Abstract

The long landing distance from 15 m（50 ft）to touchdown is an over-limit event frequently occurring during the landing phase，and also can significantly increase the risk of landing accidents. The study on the impacts of geographical environmental factors of the over-limit event can provide references for airport site selection and flight quality evaluation. Based on the flight quick access record（QAR）data，topographic data and climate data of the airports，global and local correlation analysis are adopted to identify the main factors influencing the over-limit event. The regression model between the over-limit event frequency and elevation，fluctuation，air temperature is established，based on the geographical weighted regression model. According to the regression coefficients，the impact modes of these factors are divided into five categories using K-means method，so as to explore the spatial pattern and mechanism of geographical environmental factors on the over-limit event. The results show that the elevation，fluctuation，air pressure and air temperature have a significant impact on the frequency of the "long landing distance" over-limit event. There is an obvious spatial differentiation of the impact of geographical environment factors. The spatial distribution of airports under the same impact mode shows clustering.

Keywords

• flight operational quality assurance
• long landing distance event
• quick access record
• geographical environmental factors
• geographically weighted regression