Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis on Leaf Extract of Calanthe masuca (D.Don) Lindl., an Endangered Medicinal Plant (Orchidaceae)

Abstract

Calanthe masuca (D.Don) Lindl plant leaves have medicinal properties. It is an endangered and terrestrial orchid. They are distributed in evergreen forest; plant collection is very difficult for researches. That’s why very rare because of group of plants not widely represent in the forest. The present study has aimed to evaluate the phytochemical analysis using three different solvents Methanol, Aqueous and Petroleum Ether. The secondary metabolites have estimated into phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids and terpenoids. The result showed that the methanol leaf extract shows as a high concentration. Aqueous extract showed moderate concentration and Petroleum ether extract showed low concentration. Methanol extract contained secondary metabolites such as the total phenol (31.50±0.22 mg/g) and tannins (24.60±0.02 mg/g) as mg, alkaloids (54.40±0.33 mg/g) as mg, flavonoids (73.20±0.62 mg/g) as mg, saponins (35.00±0.05 mg/g), Steroid (60.95±0.57 mg/g) and Terpenoids (14.00±0.26 mg/g). The Calanthe masuca is a medicinal plant based on the secondary metabolites presence of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids and terpenoids. They are used as a source of potentials therapeutic medicinal values and curing various infectious diseases.

Keywords

• medicinal plant
• therapeutic drugs
• secondary metabolites
• orchidaceae