SGLT2 inhibitors - a breakthrough in treatment of heart failure and their multipotential beneficial role in cardiology, diabetology, nephrology and neurology

Abstract

Inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2 inhibitors) are relatively new and innovative antihyperglycemic drugs which by inhibiting sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 minimalise reabsorption of glucose in nephrones. Due to this process, SGLT2 inhibitors became a first-choice drugs in diabetology. Flozins were a turning point in many clinical trials and currently consequently conquer pharmacoterapy in cardiology. In the past years, clinical studies proved vast role of SGLT2 inhibitors in other fields of medicine. Flosins protect heart muscle and kidneys among patients with or without type diabetes mellitus type 2. They have positive effect on hypertension, arteries and brain tissue. Cardiological condition with the lowest long-term outcome in patients is heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Until flozins, treatment in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction was based on four groups of drugs: β-blocker, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAA), including angiotensin converting enzyme ACE/ARB inhibitors, angiotensin and neprilysin receptor blockers (ARNI) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA). It was an appropriate HFrEF treatment over the last years. However thanks to large-scale researches a role of flozins in cardiology have been established and they became hope for a change in the course of heart failure. The following article presents aspects of using flozins in treatment of patients with HFrEF, multipotential usage, vast benefits for patients, not solely cardiologic, and side effects of these miraculous group of drugs.

Keywords

• SGLT-2 inhibitors
• flozins
• flozins heart failure
• heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF)
• dapagliflozin
• cardiovascular