Annexin levels in GCF determine the imbalance of periodontal inflammatory regulation

Abstract

Abstract Objective: Annexin-1 (ANXA1), a member of the annexin family, plays a role in the resolution of inflammation and the regulation of anti-inflammatory responses, while annexin-2 (ANXA2) is involved in the initiation of the inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of annexin family (ANXA1 and ANXA2) in periodontal disease. Methods: Healthy participants (n:25) and stage III, grade B periodontitis (n:25) patients enrolled for this study. Clinical periodontal parameters and the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) levels were noted. Serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected to measure the ANXA1, ANXA2 and IL-1β levels. Results: Salivary and serum concentrations of ANXA1 was significantly lower in the periodontitis group than in the control group (respectively, p = 0.0177 and p = < 0.0001). Periodontitis patients demonstrated higher serum ANXA2 and IL-1β concentrations compared to controls (respectively, p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0017). As an inflammatory index; saliva, serum and GCF ANXA1/ANXA2 ratio were significantly lower in the periodontitis group compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: The data suggest that periodontitis is associated with a disruption of the balance between pro-inflammatory mechanisms (ANXA2 and IL-1beta) and inflammation resolution (ANXA1), in parallel with PISA levels. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06554756 (15/08/2024).

Keywords

• Periodontitis
• Annexin
• Cytokine