Organic fluorophores that emit ultraviolet light in the aggregated state

Abstract

Abstract Ultraviolet (UV)‐emissive organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted growing attention as future UV‐lighting sources following UV‐LED. The design and development of highly efficient UV‐emissive organic solids are essential for the advancement of UV‐OLEDs. Reviewed herein are organic small molecules and polymers that exhibit UV emission in the aggregated state such as crystal, powder, and amorphous film. The UV‐emissive molecules are in principle limited to those whose photoluminescence (PL) maxima are less than 400 nm and whose PL quantum yields in the aggregated state, which are useful for evaluating the potential of solid‐state emitters, are reported. In cases that electroluminescence (EL) studies are demonstrated, the emission maxima and external quantum efficiencies with the device structures are also shown. Some exceptions are also included whose PL quantum yields are not reported, but UV‐EL with an emission maximum of less than 400 nm is demonstrated.

Keywords

• conjugation
• light‐emitting materials
• molecular design
• solid‐state emission
• UV OLEDs