NATIONAL POLICIES AND STATE TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS DURING THE REVOLUTION AND CIVIL WAR

Abstract

Purpose. The article studies the national-state transformations in the North Caucasus during the Revolution and Civil War. Methodology. The author used the scientific principles of historicism, systems analysis and institutional approach. Results. The overthrow of the monarchy caused the rise of national movements in the North Caucasus. The collapse of the former state structures was accompanied by a radical reformatting of the political and legal space of the region. At the same time the creation of new forms of organization of power, the restoration of traditional political institutions took place. With the Bolsheviks coming to power in Petrograd, separatist sentiments intensified in the North Caucasus. In former provinces and regions there were proclaimed republics. Initially, some of them did not support the withdrawal from Russia. However, the search for new national-state forms was complicated by the Civil War and foreign intervention. The leaders of the White Movement advocated the preservation of the united Russia. It was one of the reasons for their defeat in the south of the country. The victory of the Bolsheviks, who declared the right of nations to self-determination, marked a new stage of national-state construction in the North Caucasus. Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in historical science and education.

Keywords

• Гражданская война в России
• Горская республика
• Северо-Кавказская советская республика
• национально-государственное строительство
• Северный Кавказ