Thinning of Sierpinski fractal array antennas using bounded binary fractal-tapering techniques for space and advanced wireless applications

Abstract

Fractal arrays are repetitive-geometry-based smart arrays having impressive array factor properties. However, the performance of these arrays degrades owing to their large number of antenna elements at higher expansion levels. This research work presents the thinning of Sierpinski fractal arrays while keeping an applicable balance between all array factor properties by using two types of bounded binary-fractal-tapering techniques known as Sierpinski and Haferman carpet anti-diagonal tapering techniques. Approximately 22% to 50% of antenna elements are thinned in each successive iteration of the Sierpinski fractal array with the proposed tapering techniques. Keywords: Sierpinski fractal array antenna, Thinned arrays, Array factor properties