Revisiting Biophysical Impacts of Greening on Precipitation Over the Loess Plateau of China Using WRF With Water Vapor Tracers

Abstract

Abstract The Loess Plateau of China has witnessed a remarkable greening trend due to vegetation restoration in recent decades. However, the precipitation response to greening remains unclear, and the hydrological effect of greening is controversial. Here, we revisited biophysical effects of greening on precipitation over the plateau during 2002–2015 using the state‐of‐the‐art water vapor tracer embedded in a regional coupled model. We find that greening can promote the growing season precipitation (0.45 mm·day−1), with 15% and 85% of the precipitation increment resulting from increases in the local evapotranspiration and the water vapor inflow from outside the plateau, respectively. As a consequence, the enhanced precipitation can compensate for the terrestrial water loss driven by the increased evapotranspiration, leading to a slight increase in the water yield. This study highlights the dominant role of the nonlocal effect in precipitation responses to greening in this region.