Conspiracy Theories as Alternative Regimes of Truth and as a Universal Socio-Cultural Phenomenon

Abstract

The paper analyzes the universal phenomenon of conspiracy theories, which, depending on specific social or political circumstances and on the social context in general, exist as alternative regimes of truth. In both the institutional and private spheres, conspiracy theories represent a kind of cognitive apparatus by means of which individuals and groups gain certain "information" and interpretations of those levels of reality that seem exclusive, hidden and controlled by supposed centers of power. The ultimate implications of conspiracy theories can be seen in the forming of prejudices, which, particularly in certain political circumstances and in combination with populist doctrines, can have a great impact on the public and private spheres. The potential of conspiracy theories, therefore, goes beyond mere intellectual intrigue and diversion for the masses, as they lend themselves to all kinds of political instrumentalization.