Medical educational institutions under the conditions of German fascist occupation of the USSR

Abstract

The functioning of the health care system in the territories of the USSR occupied by the German army during the Great Patriotic War, in which about 85 million people lived before their capture by the enemy, can be said with a certain degree of convention. The plundering of the occupied territories and the provision of Germany with cheap labor did not imply the adoption of measures by the occupiers aimed at improving the living conditions of the local population, providing them with qualified and comprehensive medical care. At the same time, the presence of the German army in contact with the inhabitants of the occupied territories forced the occupation authorities to take measures to ensure their own security and maintain the required standard of living. In this regard, the occupants, having dismantled the system of public health protection that existed in Soviet times, allowed the work of its individual elements to continue. In a number of cases, medical educational institutions operated in the occupied territories – institutes, medical faculties of universities, technical schools and schools, whose task was to train specialists of higher and secondary profile for work in medical institutions for the population. The article examines the issues related to the reasons for their discovery and the conditions of functioning in the territories captured by the German army during the war, highlights the general and distinctive features that characterize the process of training medical personnel in the occupied regions of the USSR.

Keywords

• great patriotic war
• occupation
• medicine
• doctor
• training of specialists
• institute
• technical school
• medical college