Studies on biological control potential of Steinernema abbasi CS-39 against Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by adopting the regression probit model

Abstract

Abstract Background In India, application of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as a bio-agent against insect pests was known since 5–6 decades with the application of the exotic species Steinernema carpocapsae (DD-136 Strain). EPNs have a strong potential to control the soil-borne insect pests. In the present study isolated strain was identified as Steinernema abbasi and docketed as CS-39. The efficacy of the isolated strain was tested against the American bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Results Laboratory bioassay revealed that the median lethal concentration (LC50 = 83.21 IJs) of the S. abbasi isolate CS-39 was quite sufficient to achieve 100% mortality after 24 h of exposure. Mean mortality percentage was estimated > 75% at all concentrations, i.e., 25, 50, 100 and 200 IJs/larva, and 100% mortality was achieved at 200 IJs/larva after 24 h of concentration exposure. Positive relationship was found at every concentration of exposure and % mortality of the insect pest (H. armigera) after 36 (p < 0.01) and 48 h of exposure (p < 0.02). Conclusions Steinernema abbasi isolate CS-39 found to be highly virulent to H. armigera. As the result urged, 200 IJs / larva showed 100% mortality at 36 h, whereas 100 IJs / larva showed 100% mortality at 60 h. Difference in time duration might be because of action of bacterial symbionts which were the main precursor of pathogenicity. Extensive study of secondary metabolites of the bacterial symbionts may extend the present study to the new dimension.

Keywords

• Entomopathogenic nematode
• Steinernema abbasi
• Helicoverpa armigera
• Pathogenicity
• Virulence