A Study of PbF₂ Nanoparticles Crystallization Mechanism in Mixed Oxyde-Fluoride Glasses

Abstract

Samples of nanocrystalline PbF2 glass ceramics were obtained by heat-treating SiO2–GeO2–PbO–PbF2–CdF2 glasses. The Ho2O3 and Tm2O3 doping effects on the structural features of PbF2 nanoparticles were studied using small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction methods. The enlargements of the average sizes of nanoparticles and the sizes of local areas of density fluctuations have been found to be correlated with an increase in concentrations of Ho2O3 and Tm2O3 in initial glasses. A variation in the concentrations of Ho2O3 and Tm2O3 does not affect the morphology and fractal dimension of the formed PbF2 nanoparticles.

Keywords

• oxyfluoride glasses
• glass ceramics
• small-angle X-ray scattering
• nanoparticles