ECOLOGICAL INDICATOR OF CONSEQUENCES OF SOUTHERN RACES APIS MELLIFERA L. INTRODUCTION TO NORTHERN REGIONS

Abstract

Background. Нoney bees lived in different climatic conditions acquired appropriate adaptations in the process of evolution. Нybrids of вees are formed through uncontrolled introduction. They have reduced viability. The aim of the research was to assess the cross-breeding of bees in Perm region. Data of morphometric analysis are used as ecological indicator for this purpose. Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the apiaries of twelve districts in Perm region during ten years. Morphometric examination of bees were carried out according to generally accepted and original author’s methods. Measurements of the length of the hobby, the length and width of the right front wing and the third tergite were made to estimate the degree of beesmetization process. The cubital index of the wings was calculated. Results. Signs of non-compliance of the investigated bees with the aboriginal Middle Russian race were revealed. This is indicator of the process of cross-breeding of local bees. The population of bees minimally affected by the process of cross-breeding was found in Krasnovishersky district of Perm region. Conclusions. To eliminate the negative process of introduction, it is necessary to monitor the gene pool of bees. This will preserve unique endemic populations and contribute to conservation of biodiversity.

Keywords

• honey bee
• geographically specific populations
• introduction
• monitoring
• morphometry
• biodiversity