Правовое государство: теория и практика (Oct 2023)
POLITICAL AND LEGAL HERITAGE OF M.M. SPERANSKY IN THE PAST AND PRESENT OF RUSSIA: MAIN IDEAS AND APPROACHES
Abstract
The article presents the main milestones of M.M. Speransky’s intellectual biography, as well as the process of formation of his political and legal worldview. The authors consider the most important reformatory proposals and concepts, as well as assess Speransky’s contribution to the development of Russian constitutionalism and human rights theory. The study of the political and legal works of this progressive legal scholar seems relevant in connection with the trend towards rethinking the historical past of Russia, the search for ways to overcome the problems and contradictions faced by the modern Russian state. Even despite the fact that many of Speransky’s reforms were not implemented in their time, his progressive views and ideas may be applied in the transformation of modernity. Purpose: to analyze the main political and legal ideas of M.M. Speransky as one of the most prominent theorists of Russian liberalism in terms of their progressivity for their time and relevance for modern Russia. Methods: the authors use three main methods of research: historical, retrospective, hermeneutic. The use of historical and hermeneutic methods include the study of Speransky’s main scientific works, as well as their holistic analysis and interpretation, the study of socio-cultural context of the origin and development of his liberal views in the works of modern researchers. The retrospective method is used to analyze the origins and development of liberalism in the Russian Empire in the early 19th century and to demonstrate Speransky’s significant theoretical and practical contribution to the formation of Russian liberalism. Results: the study concludes that many proposals by this progressive thinker on the transformation of the Russian state and law remain relevant and are reflected in a number of constitutional norms.
Keywords
