Effect of antibiotic misuse on the emergence of microbial resistance among urologic patients

Abstract

Background: The study aimed to identify the types of bacteria isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections focusing on the resistant isolates then comparing the results with the types of antibiotics misused by those patients in order to suggest some measures to mitigate the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. Material and Methods: Urine samples were collected from patients aged from 10 to 60 years old who visited Al-Jomhory Hospital in Mosul City/Nineveh Governorate during a period between February and May 2021. Bacterial culture, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing against different antibiotics were performed by Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method and the results were compared with patient medical history of antibiotic use without consulting a physician. Results: Overall, 7 different bacterial pathogens were identified, 5 gram-negative and 2 gram-positive bacteria. The majority of bacterial pathogens isolated was Escherichia coli 37.6%, followed by Klebsiella spp. 35.5%. It is worth noting that the most effective drug was quinolone (P≤ 0.05) on bacterial species with least effective was penicillins worrisome results was the isolation of a high percentage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, that was resistant to all antibiotics used in this research, by contrast, a high percentage of Enterococcus faecalis was sensitive to those antibiotics. Conclusion: The study revealed that a higher percentage of resistant bacteria were isolated in patients with a medical history of antibiotics misuse which might change drug prescribtion line in a hospitalized patients with bacterial infections.

Keywords

• bacterial pathogen
• antibiotic resistance
• urinary tract infection