Hamstring tendon graft with LARS augmentation showed superior short-term clinical efficacy compared to hamstring tendon alone as graft in ACL reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Abstract Background There have been emerging clinical trials investigating the efficacy of synthetic-graft-augmented autografts in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in recent years. Hamstring tendon and Ligament Augmentation and Reconstruction System (LARS) are both widely discussed graft choices for ACLR. Purpose To compare the clinical efficacy of hamstring tendon grafts with LARS-augmented hamstring tendon grafts in ACLR. Study Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Method A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library to identify primary evidence related to the comparison of ACLR with a hamstring tendon (HT) versus a hamstring tendon with LARS (HT + LARS). Quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for non-RCTs. Quantitative analysis was conducted with Reviewer Manager 5.4. The primary outcomes compared were the Lysholm scale, Tegnar activity scale, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) evaluation, KT-1000-based laxity, complication/retear rate and rate of return-to-sports. The secondary outcomes were the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS), Global Rating of Change (GRC) scale, hop tests, isokinetic knee strength tests and radiographic and arthroscopic evaluations. Results Six cohort studies with 710 participants were included in this study. Compared with the HT group, the HT + LARS group had better Lysholm scores at the 1-year follow-up (P = 0.0007) and at the final follow-up (P = 0.04). HT + LARS group had better IKDC scores at the 1-year follow-up (P = 0.003). The HT + LARS group had a better return-to-sports rate in short term. No significant difference in complications or re-surgery was observed. The secondary results revealed superior or non-inferior outcomes in the HT + LARS group. Conclusions As grafts for ACLR, the use of hamstring tendons with LARS augmentation, compared with the use of hamstring tendons alone, in the short term, has significantly superior overall functional results and better early sports participation and non-inferior results in other comparisons. In the long term, the use of hamstring tendon with LARS augmentation demonstrated non-inferior results in terms of functional scores, knee stability, knee strength, complications and re-tear rate, etc.

Keywords

• Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
• Artificial/synthetic graft
• LARS
• Hamstring tendon graft