Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on total antioxidant capacity, biomarkers of systemic low-grade inflammation and metabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the role of FTO-rs9939609 polymorphism

Abstract

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known as one of the most common metabolic diseases and FTO polymorphism has been implicated in the susceptibility to this disease. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has shown favorable effects on risk factors related to T2DM. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of EGCG on total antioxidant capacity, biomarkers of systemic low-grade inflammation and metabolic risk factors in patients with T2DM considering the role of FTO polymorphism. Material and methods In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with T2DM (20–60 years) were randomly allocated to three groups. Group 1 received 300 mg of EGCG (TT genotype). Group 2 received 300 mg of EGCG (AA + AT genotypes) and Group 3 received placebo. We genotyped FTO (rs9939609) and measured body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, profile lipid, interleukin-6, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and total antioxidant capacity, before and after the intervention, at 2 months. Results In carriers of A allele, EGCG intervention caused a significant decrease in BMI, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure and serum cholesterol level compared with placebo (p 0.05). Conclusions These findings suggest that carriers of the risk alleles (A) of FTO-rs9939609 have a better response to EGCG in improving BMI and DBP in patients with T2DM.

Keywords

• body mass index
• diabetes mellitus
• epigallocatechin-3-gallate
• fto