Salud Pública de México (Oct 1999)
Impacto nutricio del consumo de una leche entera adicionada con vitaminas y minerales en niños Nutritional impact of a full strenght milk with added vitamins and minerals in children
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Determinar el impacto nutricio del consumo de leche entera fortificada con vitaminas y minerales en niños. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se hizo un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal, en 227 niños de entre 8 a 60 meses de edad. Se ofreció a los menores 500 ml diarios de leche entera fortificada por 90 días. Se registró ingestión, aceptación, peso, talla, hemoglobina (Hb), hierro (Fe), vitamina B12 y folatos séricos. El análisis estadístico se realizó con medidas de tendencia central y dispersión en variables dimensionales utilizando prueba t de Student para comparación de promedios y ji² para variables nominales. RESULTADOS: Al inicio de la suplementación 45 niños estaban desnutridos, y 36, anémicos. Al final de la misma estas cifras disminuyeron: 35 desnutridos (pOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional impact of the ingestion of a fortified whole milk in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, longitudinal assay in 227 children aged 8-60 months. Intervention: Daily consumption of 500 ml of fortified milk during 90 days. We registered milk acceptance and assessed weight, height; hemoglobin, serum iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid, at the beginning and the end of the study. Statistical evaluation were done with central and dispersion indices in the dimensional variables, using Student's t test and chi² test for compare nominal variables at initial and the end of the study. RESULTS: At admission, 45 children were malnourished and 36 were anemic. At the end of the supplementation period there was a reduction to 35 malnourished (p< 0.21) and 18 anemic (p< 0.01). Anthropometric weight/height score in Z at the beginning and end of the study (x±S.D) were -0.35±0.88 vs -0.14±9 (p< 0.01); Hb g/dl: 11±1.3 vs 11.9±1.9 (p< 0.001), Iron mg/dl: 108±44 vs 115±31 (p= 0.06) and vitamin B12 pg/ml: 649±494 to 1053±854 (p< 0.001). The milk was well tolerated and widely accepted. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of a fortified whole milk during 90 days improved significantly the nutritional status of the children, the weight for height Z score, the plasma level of vitamin B12 and Hb, and decreased the number of anemic and malnourished children.
