Effect of Probiotics on the Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

Objective: There is a two way relationship between the gut microbiota and the brain. Oxidative stress and inflammation have important role in this damage of traumatic brain (TB). Pathologic alterations of intestine enviroment cause more problem for treatment of brain damage. Probiotics (PB) may potential to reduce oxidative stress and gliosis. In this study, experimental TB injury (TBI) was provided to examine this possible effect of PB. Methods: Weight-drop method was used to produce TBI and the effect of daily PB application was examined. For PB application, non-infective NBL Probiotic Gold preparation 2.5x109 Enterococcus faecium, 2.5x109 Lactobacillus acidophilus, 2.5x109 Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 2.5x109 Bifidobacterium longum, 2.5x109 Bifidobacterium bifidum bacteria were administered orally. Oxidative stress was analyzed by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), gliosis by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100 and inflamation by IL-10 with IHC. Damage was assessed by scoring with HE staining and h-score of IHC. Results: PB caused significant neuron protection and more healing according to HE scoring in TBI. This improvement was in parallel with increasing of h-score IL-10 and decreasing of eNOS, GFAP and S100 which provided better healing. Conclusion: In this study, damage of TBI was treated with PB which caused decrase of oxidative stress, gliosis and inflamation. By this way, better neuron protection, faster healing and more treatment occured. This could be very important for patient with TBI which is diffucult and cost effective treatment.

Keywords

• traumatic brain injury
• probiotic
• oxidative stress
• inflammation
• gliosis