Relationship between Perceived Stress and Illness Perception and Coping Styles in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer, Sari

Abstract

Background and purpose: The diagnosis and treatment of cancer is stressful and perceived stress and concerns during the treatment period can add to this stress and affect the recovery of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between illness perception and coping styles, and perceived stress in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Materials and methods: The present cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 110 patients with gastrointestinal cancer in Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital, Iran 2022, selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ), Billings and Moos Coping Styles Questionnaire, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Finally, the data were analyzed applying descriptive statistics and Chi-square, independent t-test, Pearson's coefficient correlation, and ANOVA. Results: Most of the participants were females (50.9%), with a medium income level (59.1%), living in the city (91.8%), suffering from colon cancer (40.9%), and undergoing treatment (90.0%). Findings showed that most of the patients had a high level of perceived stress (57.3%), moderate levels of illness perception (71.8%), and moderate coping styles (71.8%). We observed an inverse relationship between perceived stress and illness perception (P<0.001, r=-0.604), but there were no significant relationships between perceived stress and coping styles (P=0.064, r=-0.177) and other demographic variables. Conclusion: Considering the inverse relationship between illness perception and perceived stress, healthcare managers are suggested to take measures to improve the illness perception of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Keywords

• coping style
• perceived stress
• illness perception
• gastrointestinal cancer