Leukemic infiltration of the optic nerve in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A case report and review of literature

Abstract

Ophthalmic and neurologic involvement are rare complications of CLL, with few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of CLL with leukemic infiltration of the optic nerve and review of literature focusing on management and outcomes. A patient with heavily pretreated CLL presented to our hospital with progressive eye pain and was found to have infiltrative optic neuritis. CSF analysis confirmed involvement with CLL. After systemic treatment with R-CHOP and high-dose methotrexate, along with intrathecal cytarabine and hydrocortisone, she experienced significant improvement and was discharged home. Given the rarity of ophthalmic involvement in CLL, we reviewed all 15 previously reported cases of CLL with optic neuropathy as the first manifestation of CNS involvement and discussed the range of treatment options used and their respective outcomes.

Keywords

• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• Optic neuropathy
• Leukemic infiltration
• Optic nerve infiltration