Горные науки и технологии (Mar 2017)
Forecast of seismic impact of blasting on mining infrastructure
Abstract
The issue of predicting seismic impact of commercial blasting on production infrastructure is of great importance in open cast mining. In this case, the interest to this problem is determined by the need to ensure both safety and efficiency of mining in the vicinity of protected facilities of PJSC Holding Company Yakutugol, affected by mining operations at the Neryungrinsky open-cast coal mine. The performed experimental studies showed that natural factors affect the seismic effect intensity, but are not decisive. Nevertheless, such natural factors as water content, permafrost and seasonal frozen rocks should be taken into account when designing drilling and blasting operations. The ground vibration velocity at the monitoring points depends primarily on the explosive charge weight being maximum in the group, and the hypocentral distance, i.e. the distance from the place (area) inside the block, where rock rupturing and fracturing begin, seismic waves arise at blasting and propagate to the recording point, as well as the single blast scale. In this regard, to ensure confidence and reliability of predicting blasting seismic action on protected facilities for increasing efficiency of drilling and blasting operations in the Neryungrinsky open-cast coal mine, a technique should be developed based on the regularities linking seismic motions during blasting with the blasting characteristics and the hypocentral distance. The dependence obtained from the findings of the experimental studies was implemented in the algorithm when developing the application program "SeismPrognoz", which allows to quickly calculate the maximum vectorial velocity of ground displacement, the explosive charge maximum weight in the group, the safe distance, the total explosive charge weight, and use the information obtained for calculating blasting pattern for a particular block.
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