IJCM_118A: Pathway of healthcare for breast cancer: A mixed method study among women with breast cancer attending a tertiary healthcare institute in Bihar

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women; however, the majority of them visit hospitals at an advanced stage. Knowledge of pathway of care will aid in timely intervention and better prognosis. Objectives: To find the pathway of health care for breast cancer and its correlates among the patients who have attended AIIMS Patna. To identify the reasons for seeking delayed definitive care. Methodology: A mixed-method cross-sectional design with quantitative and qualitative parts was conducted at AIIMS Patna between March 2021 and December 2022 among breast cancer patients. A total of 171 breast cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Piloted study tools were used. Descriptive analysis for quantitative part and manual thematic analysis for qualitative part were performed. Results: Out of total 171 participants, 88.9% (83.3–92.77%) had visited AIIMS Patna indirectly. About 60 (20.6%) visited informal providers or quacks, and 60 (39.5%) of the study participants visited more than one hospital before arriving at AIIMS Patna. The place of residence, treatment delay, and stage of cancer were found to be independent predictors of the pathway of healthcare for breast cancer. The reasons behind seeking delayed definitive care were identified under two major themes: presentation delay (misunderstanding or difficulty in identifying symptom, neglect of disease, lack of awareness about the disease, family support, financial constraints) and treatment delay (misdiagnosis, multiple referrals, dissatisfaction with the treatment, COVID-19 lockdown, informal providers/quacks) Conclusion: 9 out of 10 breast cancer patients had not come directly for definitive care, and among them, 3 out of 5 had visited multiple healthcare providers. So, it is important to educate the public on breast cancer, make systematized referral pathways, orient the private sector, and have trained manpower for screening purposes.

Keywords

• breast cancer
• mixed method
• care pathway