African and Mediterranean Agricultural Journal - Al Awamia (Mar 2022)

Effects of medium strength, carbon source and antioxidants on adventitious bud proliferation and plantlet development of date palm cv. Bouskri

  • M. A. Mazri,
  • F. Bouchiha,
  • M. Anjarne,
  • M. N. Alfeddy,
  • S. Elmaataoui,
  • R. Meziani

DOI
https://doi.org/10.34874/IMIST.PRSM/afrimed-i131.31343
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 0, no. 131
pp. 35 – 49

Abstract

Read online

The Bayoud disease, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis, is a very dangerous date palm disease that killed millions of plants during the last century and threatens the best Moroccan cultivars, including cv. Bouskri. In order to fight Bayoud and to preserve the best date palm cultivars, rapid and large-scale propagation through organogenesis followed by planting regenerants in Bayoud-free areas is being in use in Morocco. In the present work, the effects of medium strength, carbon source and antioxidants were investigated in order to develop an efficient regeneration system through organogenesis for cv. Bouskri. Four different strengths of Murashige and Skoog medium were evaluated: full-strength (MS), half-strength (MS/2), one-third strength (MS/3) and one-quarter strength (MS/4). In addition, different concentrations of sucrose, commercial granulated sugar (10, 30 or 50 g/l), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and activated charcoal (1, 2 and 3 g/l) were tested. It was found that the optimal medium strength for the multiplication of adventitious shoot buds of cv. Bouskri is MS/2, while the use of 30 g/l sucrose and 2 g/l activated charcoal improved the proliferation rate. In fact, under these culture conditions, the average number of shoot buds per explant was 23.3, and the percentages of tissue browning, hyperhydricity and precocious rooting were 25.0, 30.0 and 25.0 %, respectively. On the other hand, the average number of precociously formed roots per organogenic culture was 0.9. Shoot growth and development were carried out on plant growth regulator (PGR)-free MS/2 medium and resulted in an average shoot length of 13.9 cm, an average root number of 4.1 and an average root length of 3.2 cm. After transferring the plants to the glasshouse, the survival rate observed was 95%.

Keywords