Научный диалог (Sep 2017)
Combinatorial Semasiology: Restrictive Component of Word Meaning
Abstract
The article is devoted to the restrictive component in the lexical meaning of the word, which manifests itself in the double limitation of combinability, or further concretization in the framework of the semantic class of lexemes. This research is conducted in the field of combinatorial semasiology, studying the ratio of the semantics of word and compatibility. The purpose of this article is to prove a restrictive component presence in the meaning of the word, specifying the word combinability. As the analysis shows, often limiting the compatibility is influenced by the subject semes that contain the semantic characteristics ‘nomination subject’. The structure of the meanings of many words can contain restrictive semes, which impose additional restrictions on the subject semes. The author states that restrictive semes have narrow meaning and indicate not class or subclass of combining words, but specific words, that combine within a specific class or subclass of words. It is shown that restrictive seme restricts the combinability of a language unit with the particular word and is always described through negation - ‘not about…’. The author argues that the restriction on the semantic subclass of combining words influenced by the subject semes is formed unmotivated and is a result of a linguistic tradition exclusively.
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