Obtaining and Use of Compost from the Organic Component of Household Waste

Abstract

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to develop and implement technological solutions for processing food and garden waste into compost. The purpose of this study is to investigate the methods of obtaining compost from the organic component of household waste and analyse composts for compliance with the requirements for their use as fertilisers. Theoretical research on the issues of the application of an organic component of a firm household waste as a raw material for compost production is carried out. According to statistical information on the accumulation of household waste in Ukraine, the amount of food and garden waste in the regions of Ukraine has been calculated. Modern methods of industrial processing of food and garden waste into compost are analysed, and the most effective technology from the standpoint of ecology and energy saving is determined. Data on the influence of composted digestate on crop yields are given. Composts were analysed for compliance with the requirements for their use as fertilisers The data show that the difference between the content of heavy metals in the composted digestate and compost from food waste is not significant and both composts meet the German quality requirements of compost. Data on the influence of composted digestate from food waste on the growth of winter grain yields are given. It has been found that the use of composts can supplement conventional mineral fertilisers in crop cultivation. The practical significance of the study is to determine the prospects of obtaining fertiliser from the organic component of solid waste and to determine its effectiveness when applied to the soil

Keywords

• mineral fertilisers
• composting
• digestate
• food and garden waste