Филологический класс (Dec 2022)
Creativity of Regionalisms on the Level of Word Building
Abstract
The article deals with the peculiarities of creating and functioning of regionalisms: regional words and word combinations used by the residents of a certain region. Regionalisms are studied on the material of Chelyabinsk regional dialect (regiolect). The authors argue that regional words and word combinations form a unique part of the national language, being the markers of the regional identity, and creatively reflecting the regional picture of the world. The study employs a comprehensive approach to the exploration of Chelyabinsk regional lexicon including cognitive, sociolinguistic, and linguo-cultural methods, structural-semantic analysis and continuous sampling. It shows that the creative character of regionalisms is reflected in their structure and meaning. Creative regionalisms include unofficial toponyms, microtoponyms and urbanyms that undergo transonymization and function alongside with official toponyms, microtoponyms, official ergonyms – names of firms, language schools, shops, tourist centers – and nonstandard regionalisms used in colloquial speech. The main tendencies of regional creativity realization are revealed in word building types, the most productive of which and most frequently used are compounding (30% of the empirical material) and affixation (30% of the examples). Creative regionalisms are also formed by blending (25% of the examples) and by abbreviations (15% of the studied regionalisms). The findings prove that the nomination processes among regionalisms reflect both local and global nomination tendencies. One of the main universal tendencies of nomination is globalization revealed in the English influence on the formation of regional ergonyms, on the one hand, and glocalization realized through hybrid English-Russian words and word combinations, on the other hand. Hybrid regionalisms dominate among ergonyms.
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