Vaccines (Jul 2022)

Case Series of Myocarditis Following mRNA COVID Vaccine Compared to Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome: Multicenter Retrospective Study

  • Yonatan Butbul Aviel,
  • Philip J. Hashkes,
  • Yotam Dizitzer,
  • Kanteman Inbar,
  • Yackov Berkun,
  • Eli M. Eisenstein,
  • Mohamad Hamad Saied,
  • Ofra Goldzweig,
  • Merav Heshin-Bekenstein,
  • Eduard Ling,
  • Michal Feldon,
  • Rotem Tal,
  • Shiran Pinchevski-Kadir,
  • Irit Tirosh,
  • Liora Harel,
  • Gil Amarilyo,
  • Kfir Kaidar

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081207
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 8
p. 1207

Abstract

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Introduction: Since the development of COVID-19 vaccines, more than 4.8 billion people have been immunized worldwide. Soon after vaccinations were initiated, reports on cases of myocarditis following the second vaccine dose emerged. This study aimed to report our experience with adolescent and young adults who developed post-COVID-19 vaccine myocarditis and to compare these patients to a cohort of patients who acquired pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS/PIMS-TS) post-COVID-19 infection. Methods: We collected reported cases of patients who developed myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer mRNA BNT162b2) from all pediatric rheumatology centers in Israel and compared them to a cohort of patients with PIMS. Results: Nine patients with post-vaccination myocarditis were identified and compared to 78 patients diagnosed with PIMS. All patients with post-vaccination myocarditis were males who developed symptoms following their second dose of the vaccine. Patients with post-vaccination myocarditis had a shorter duration of stay in the hospital (mean 4.4 ± 1.9 vs. 8.7 ± 4.7 days) and less myocardial dysfunction (11.1% vs. 61.5%), and all had excellent outcomes as compared to the chronic changes among 9.2% of the patients with PIMS. Conclusion: The clinical course of vaccine-associated myocarditis appears favorable, with resolution of the symptoms in all the patients in our cohort.

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