Broadening the Action Spectrum of TiO₂-Based Photocatalysts to Visible Region by Substituting Platinum with Copper

Abstract

In this study, TiO2-based photocatalysts modified with Pt and Cu/CuOx were synthesized and studied in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The morphology and chemical states of synthesized photocatalysts were studied using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A series of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with maximum intensity in the range of 365–450 nm was used to determine the action spectrum of photocatalysts. It is shown for, the first time, that the pre-calcination of TiO2 at 700 °C and the use of Cu/CuOx instead of Pt allow one to design a highly efficient photocatalyst for CO2 transformation shifting the working range to the visible light (425 nm). Cu/CuOx/TiO2 (calcined at 700 °C) shows a rate of CH4 formation of 1.2 ± 0.1 µmol h−1 g−1 and an overall CO2 reduction rate of 11 ± 1 µmol h−1 g−1 (at 425 nm).

Keywords

• photocatalysis
• CO₂ reduction
• TiO₂
• CH₄ production
• visible light
• ultraviolet light