New Generation of Bone Cements

Abstract

Bone cements are used both as stabilizing prosthesis and bone filler in orthopedic surgeries. Among the most important of such materials are polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cements, which have great and multiple applications. But many environmental problems are encountered with these cements and therefore these related researches are stimulated toward environmentally compatible bone cements. Calcium phosphate bone cements can be considered the best substitute for hard tissues. Calcium phosphates are used by our body to build bones. These materials have been developed in different forms porous or dense blocks, particles or granules and cements as a bone tissue substitute. Calcium phosphate cements consists of two parts: a powder and an aqueous liquid, which are mixed to the form of homogeneity paste that sets at room and body temperature. Being handle as paste, these cements allow perfect filling of bone defect regardless the shape of the defect, but calcium phosphate cements are still not strong enough for load-bearing bone repair. This study deals with product and evaluation of application properties of calcium phosphate bone cement for clinical various applications.

Keywords

• bone cement
• calcium phosphate
• bone tissue engineering