Frontiers in Immunology (Oct 2024)

Companion diagnostics and predictive biomarkers for PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy in malignant melanoma

  • Zeping Wang,
  • Xiaojing Zou,
  • Haiyan Wang,
  • Zhihui Hao,
  • Zhihui Hao,
  • Zhihui Hao,
  • Gebin Li,
  • Shuaiyu Wang,
  • Shuaiyu Wang,
  • Shuaiyu Wang

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1454720
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15

Abstract

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Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1), when bound to the ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), can suppress cellular immunity and play a critical role in the initiation and development of cancer. Immune drugs targeting these two sites have been developed for different cancers, including malignant melanoma. The accompanying diagnostic method has been approved by the FDA to guide patient medication. However, the method of immunohistochemical staining, which varies widely due to the antibody and staining cut-off values, has certain limitations in application and does not benefit all patients. Increasing researches begin to focus on new biomarkers to improve objective response rates and survival in cancer patients. In this article, we enumerated three major groups, including tumour microenvironment, peripheral circulation, and gene mutation, which covered the current main research directions. In the future, we hope those biomarkers may be used to guide the treatment of patients with malignant melanoma.

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