Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Endophytic Fungi Extracts of Syzygium zeylanicum

Abstract

Syzygium zeylanicum, one of the other therapeutic plants found in Indonesia, is used to treat various ailments, such as antimicrobial,anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, arthritis, antidiabetic, mosquitocidal, antitumor, and anti-rheumatic agents. The massive use of plantextracts has caused the development of isolation of bioactive compounds thru their endophytic. The present research aimed toobtain endophytic fungal isolates from the stem bark and leaves of Jambu nasi-nasi (S. zeylanicum) and analyze endophytic fungalextracts’ antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Endophyte identification was performed morphologically, and isolates with highbiological activity were molecularly characterized. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method, and theantioxidantactivitywasevaluatedbytheDPPHmethod. Intotal, 10endophyticfungiwereisolatedandidentifiedasPhialemoniumsp.(Code SZT3),Acremoniumsp. (Code SZT4),Trichodermaaureoviridae(Code SZT5),Trichodermakoningi(Code SZT7),Phytiumtorulosum(Code SZL1),Phytium zingiberum(Code SZL2),Septonemasp. (Code SZL3),Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae(Code SZL4),Volutellacilliata(SZL5), andTrichophyton mentagrophytes(Code SZL7). Isolate SZL4 gave activity the highest antioxidant (IC50 = 3.30𝜇g/mL)and strong antibacterial activity against four pathogens bacterial (S. thypi, B. subtilis, S. aureus, and E. coli). The potential endophyticfungi based on molecular analysis wasLasiodiplodia pseudotheobromaewith accession number OK668257. These endophytic fungican be developed into new sources of antibacterial and antioxidant bioactive compounds through further studies.

Keywords

• antibacterial activity
• antioxidant activity
• endophytic fungi
• syzygium zeylanicum